How about a little bit of joist history?
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Currently on the market, there are essentially three different types of engineered floor joists
They&#;ve been around for nearly 50 years, having been invented in the late 60&#;s. They get their name from their cross-section, which is shaped like an &#;I&#; with flanges at top and bottom and a thin web section between). Originally, flanges were made of solid sawn lumber and the web was plywood. Flange material changed over the years to include LVL and PSL and those are still used today, along with solid sawn lumber. Web material has switched 100% to OSB.
The first real engineered wood joist was invented in the early 50&#;s in Florida when Carroll Sanford developed the steel truss plate and used it to produce steel-plate-connected parallel chord floor trusses, with open web. Each plated floor truss is custom-designed and fabricated to exact job dimensions. Steel-plate-connected floor trusses are produced in local fabrication plants and are not identified by national brands.
There are a few open web joist products that use steel plate connectors and operate under national brands, though. These products feature trimmable ends so they may be produced in volume and shipped to jobs without requiring the type of engineered design necessary for normal plated trusses.
A new product type has more recently become available in the United States: an all-wood, open web, trim-able floor joist. This product, known as OPEN JOIST, was invented in Canada in the &#;s and was the original trim-able floor joist. It started out as what was called the Open-Joist , available in one-foot increments with 11&#; of trimmability. It developed into what is now called the Open-Joist Triforce® which as 24&#;&#; of trimmability.
Open Joist uses a combination of I-Joist and truss engineering and its published values are come from actual testing, not from calculations.
Instead of steel plates, this products flanges and webs are connected with precision finger joinery and structural adhesive. This technology results in efficient use of wood fiber and reduced weight since web dimensions are not required to match flange dimensions.
Because they are &#;stock&#; joist with constant values, standard repair details for common jobsite mishaps and improper alterations have been engineered in advance and are available to job superintendents.
Hope you enjoyed this very brief joist history. If you&#;d like to know more about Open-Joist Triforce® please don&#;t hesitate to contact us.
I-joists are structural engineered wood products used for framing floors and roofs. The consistency allows for solid performance and smooth ceilings.
Like all joists, I-joists are typically used to transfer loads to beams, walls, and the foundation. Unlike traditional dimension lumber, which can twist, split, and bow, I-joists offer better consistency and strength while weighing less and being easier to handle. These attributes make I-joists popular with builders of single-family homes, as well as light commercial and multi-family structures.
I-joists have become a construction industry standard largely because they offer reliable strength, consistency, and engineered performance that can provide a better value than dimension lumber. But that&#;s just the start of their benefits.
More Strength: Thanks to their unique construction, some I-joists, including Boise Cascade® I-Joists, are 20 percent stronger than comparably sized dimension lumber.
Longer Lengths: I-joists can be used to create long spans with less blocking to install faster. Something that dimension lumber simply can&#;t match.
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Easier Handling: Dimensional lumber can be heavy and difficult to handle, but I-joists are lightweight, helping to reduce labor hours and labor costs.
Adaptable on the Jobsite: Most I-joists come with pre-stamped knockouts for wires, and allow for larger holes to be cut out of the web for mechanicals and can have very little change in performance. This makes running HVAC, electrical, and plumbing much faster and simpler.
Faster Installation: I-joists can be quickly trimmed in the field and offer a wider nailing surface for speedy installation.
Always Consistent: I-joists are engineered and manufactured for reliability &#; you&#;ll receive the same carefully made, consistently performing, and professionally inspected product time after time.
Sustainably Made: A typical I-joist uses only about half the wood of dimension lumber. The raw materials used in the manufacture of BCI and AJS I-joists are sourced from sustainable and responsibly managed forests. Boise Cascade strives to maximize the use and minimize the waste of each log procured. Bark and material residuals are used for carbon-neutral biomass fuel to generate over 70% of the energy needed to manufacture our products, keeping our emissions and reliance on fossil fuels low.
I-joists are a go-to product for residential and multi-family construction projects because they&#;re available in common sizes for today&#;s construction projects. They can also reduce common mistakes and hassles to make: framing simpler, floors flatter, and homes perform to meet customer expectations.
The strength and stability of I-joists make them a popular choice for engineered floors and roof framing. I-joists come in longer spans than dimensional lumber but without the potential defects and imperfections that eat up time and labor at the job site. With less shrinking, twisting, and bowing, the result is simpler floor and roof layouts that perform over time. Their consistency and performance, along with proper design, helps reduce vibrations, which means less bounce, fewer squeaks, and solid, quiet floors.
I-joists consist of OSB web between two flanges, which are typically constructed of dimensional lumber or laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and joined by a durable structural adhesive. BCI® Joists use Versa-Lam® LVL for strength and durability while AJS joists have flanges made of machine stress-rated lumber.
A finished I-joist looks like the letter I, lending the product its name.
I-Joists are manufactured in a wide range of depths ranging from 9 ½&#;-24&#; and can be special ordered in lengths as long as 60 feet.
BCI Joists are available in standard depths up to 20&#; and AJS joists are available in depths up to 24&#;. The extra depths make an ideal solution for multifamily applications.
The answer to this question depends on many factors unique to your project. Download the BCI or AJS I-joist Specifier&#;s guide to see I-joist span chart for your specific application or learn more about the Boise Cascade software suite.
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