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Refrigerated semi-trailers, also known as reefers, are used to transport temperature-sensitive goods. But how do they work? Let's break it down step-by-step.
Step 1: Insulation.
Refrigerated semi-trailers are heavily insulated to keep the inside temperature stable. The insulation is typically made of high-density foam, which is sandwiched between two layers of metal or fiberglass panels.
Step 2: Refrigeration system.
The refrigeration system is the heart of the reefer. It is responsible for regulating the temperature inside the trailer. The system consists of a compressor, condenser, evaporator, and refrigerant.
Step 3: Compressor.
The compressor is the main component of the refrigeration system. It compresses the refrigerant gas, which increases its temperature and pressure.
Step 4: Condenser.
The condenser is responsible for removing the heat from the compressed refrigerant gas. It is typically located on the exterior of the trailer and uses a fan to blow cool air over the heat exchange coils.
Step 5: Evaporator.
The evaporator is located inside the trailer and is responsible for absorbing the heat from the cargo. The compressed and cooled refrigerant flows through the evaporator coils, which are in contact with the cargo.
Step 6: Refrigerant.
The refrigerant is the substance that circulates through the system and absorbs and releases heat. It typically consists of a mixture of chemicals that have low boiling points and can change from a liquid to a gas easily.
Step 7: Temperature control.
The temperature inside the trailer is controlled by a thermostat, which is typically located near the evaporator. The thermostat senses the temperature inside the trailer and sends a signal to the refrigeration system to turn on or off as needed.
Step 8: Power source.
Refrigerated semi-trailers require a power source to run the refrigeration system. This can be provided by an onboard generator, a power take-off (PTO) unit, or by plugging into a shore power source.
In summary, refrigerated semi-trailers work by heavily insulating the cargo area and using a refrigeration system to regulate the temperature inside. The refrigeration system consists of a compressor, condenser, evaporator, and refrigerant. The temperature is controlled by a thermostat, and a power source is required to run the system.
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