How much does a pound of titanium cost?

Tungsten and titanium are well-liked materials for jewelry and industrial use due to their distinct properties. Titanium is a popular metal because of its hypoallergenic qualities and reputation for being lightweight and resistant to corrosion. Yet, those looking for longevity will find tungsten appealing because of its exceptional hardness and scratch resistance. 

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Both metals have a sleek, contemporary appearance, but their weights and compositions are very different. When choosing between titanium and tungsten for rings or other accessories, it is important to be aware of these differences.

This article will discuss the difference between titanium vs tungsten in terms of composition, applications, advantages, and disadvantages.

What Is Titanium?

Titanium (Ti), a transition metal with a distinctive white-silvery appearance, occurs exclusively as an oxide in nature. Pure titanium possesses high strength and exceptional corrosion resistance. It also resists water but dissolves in concentrated acids. This exceptional combination of qualities positions titanium as a coveted material across diverse sectors, from aerospace to medical applications.

What Is Another Name for Titanium?

Gregorite is another term for titanium, and it bears the name of the Reverend William Gregor, who made the metal's discovery in Cornwall, England, in 1791. The term is historically significant, reflecting the early identification of the element.

What Is Titanium Made Of?

Titanium is found in minerals like ilmenite, rutile, and sphene, as well as titanates and certain ores. Commercially, it is produced by reducing titanium (IV) chloride with magnesium, showcasing a specific manufacturing process.

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How Is Titanium Made?

Titanium is made using the Kroll method. It involves: extraction, purification, (metallic) sponge production, alloy synthesis, and shaping. Impure titanium tetrachloride is made by processing titanium concentrates with carbon and chlorine gas. Distillation is used in purification to separate contaminants. When the refined liquid and magnesium combine, a porous titanium sponge is created. Treatment in an arc furnace transforms these “sponges” into titanium alloys. After going through inspection, the resulting ingot can be treated further to create a variety of goods.

What Are the Different Types of Titanium?

Titanium comes in six pure grades (1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 11) and four distinct alloy types. Predominantly, Ti 6Al-4V (Grade 5 alloy) stands out as the "workhorse" of titanium alloys, extensively employed in aerospace, medical, and marine applications. Ti 6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23 alloy), known as surgical titanium, excels in malleability and corrosion resistance, making it ideal for medical and dental surgeries. Ti 3Al 2.5 (Grade 9 alloy) combines stainless steel characteristics with high-temperature strength, widely used in manufacturing, chemical, and marine industries. Ti 5Al-2.5Sn (Grade 6 alloy) is a non-heat-treatable alloy with exceptional weldability, stability, and strength, notably applied in aircraft and airframe components.

What Are the Advantages of Titanium?

The advantages of titanium include:

1. Forms a protective titanium dioxide layer, preventing rust and corrosion.
2. Is 100% recyclable, minimizing waste and ensuring long-lasting structures.
3. About half the weight of steel, making it ideal for strong and lightweight structures.
4. It boasts the highest strength-to-density ratio among metals, making it valuable in aerospace manufacturing.

What Are the Disadvantages of Titanium?

The disadvantages of titanium include:

1. Is pricier compared to alternative metals like aluminum or steel.
2. Scarcity in certain areas may make it challenging to find titanium quickly or in large quantities.
3. Producing titanium involves specific equipment and knowledge, which increases production time and expense. Titanium is not as easily castable as iron or aluminum, which restricts its use in casting applications.
4. Welding titanium is complex due to its high melting temperature and reactivity, demanding specialized skills and risking material damage.

Is Titanium Stronger Than Tungsten?

No, tungsten is stronger than titanium in terms of tensile strength. Tungsten boasts a tensile strength of 142,000 psi, significantly higher than titanium's 63,000 psi. Though titanium has a better mix of strength and toughness, tungsten is more brittle and prone to breaking under impact, therefore it's important to take into account all of the characteristics of both metals. Figure 1 shows two wedding rings made of Tungsten:

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