Why are steel coils hot?

09 Apr.,2024

 

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Hot rolling, the process used to make hot rolled steel, involves rolling steel at high temperatures (typically over 1700˚F). These high temperatures are above steel’s recrystallization temperature, allowing the steel to be easily shaped, formed, and made in larger sizes. As it cools, hot rolled steel tends to shrink non-uniformly, giving less control on the size and shape of the finished product when compared to cold rolled steel.

Characteristics of Hot Rolled Steel

Hot rolled steel tends to have a scaly finish which can be removed by pickling, grinding, or sand-blasting. This steel is essentially normalized, meaning free from internal stresses that can arise from quenching or work-hardening processes, because it is allowed to cool at room temperature. Other properties may include:

  • Slightly rounded edges and corners for plate products (due to shrinkage and less precise finishing)
  • Slight distortions
  • More malleable and able to be turned into various shapes
  • Increased ductility and toughness

Advantages of Hot Rolled Steel

Hot rolled steel tends to be cheaper than cold rolled steel because it is manufactured without any delays in the process and does not require reheating like cold rolled steel. It is also essentially normalized as it is allowed to cool at room temperature; this means it’s free from internal stresses that can arise from quenching or work-hardening processes.

Applications of Hot Rolled Steel

One of the many differences between hot and cold rolled steel is price. Hot rolled steel tends to be cheaper than cold rolled steel because it is manufactured without any delays in the process and does not require reheating like cold rolled steel. It can be used in applications where precise shapes and tolerances are not required, such as:

  • Structural Components (Railroad Tracks, I-Beams, Sheet Metal)
  • Agricultural Equipment
  • Metal Buildings
  • Stampings
  • Automotive Frames

Hot rolled steel is roll-pressed at over 1,700 degrees F, making it easier to form and leading to products that are easier to work with.

Manufacturers start the process with a large, rectangular metal piece called a billet. The billet is heated and sent for pre-processing, which entails flattening it, keeping it at a high temperature, and running it through a series of rollers for its finished dimensions. The extremely hot steel strands are pushed through the rollers at high speeds. The rolled steel is spun into a hot roll coil (HRCS steel) for hot rolled sheet steel and left to cool. For bars and plates, the materials are sectioned and packaged.

Because hot rolled steel is cooled and shrinks after processing, there is less control over its final shape, meaning it isn't as suitable for precision applications. Instead, HRS steel is more likely to be used in applications where precise dimensions aren't critical. Construction projects typically use HRS material.

Why are steel coils hot?

What is the Difference Between Hot Rolled (HR) & Cold Rolled (CR) Steel?

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