With the growing need for safe hygiene during this global pandemic, bathroom sanitation is a rising concern for many. Especially since proper handwashing has been cited as an important practice to prevent COVID-19. For this reason, many are considering the adoption of sensor technology and contactless amenities in public and private spaces. This smart technology may be the future of bathrooms to prevent the transmission of germs and bacteria to the maximum extent.
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This is because traditional faucets, bar soaps, and liquid soap dispensers see the most frequent contact, even more than the toilet flush. People wash and clean their hands a higher number of times than they use the toilet, and these surfaces become covered with germs. This is only made worse when an individual flushes the toilet and then washes their hands. In this process, the flush handle, faucet spout, and the nozzle of the soap dispenser&#;s pump become contaminated. Bathroom amenities like automatic soap dispensers and sensor taps, which usually work in conjunction with one another, are being considered more and more in this light.
An automatic hand wash dispenser is a device fitted in bathrooms that is filled with a liquid soap solution and does not require any form of contact to dispense soap. Instead, they are fitted with motion sensors that detect the motion of the hands, or in some cases, the infrared energy that is emitted through body heat. Upon detection of heat or movement, they automatically dispel a fixed amount of liquid soap.
Automatic soap dispensers are typically considered to be wall-fitted mountings since they are most commonly found and seen in public restrooms this way. But a sensor soap dispenser is also available as faucet spouts fitted into sinks, or as a portable bottle which closely resembles the appearance of a regular soap dispenser.
While it is understood that an automatic liquid soap dispenser would help maintain hygiene, there are several other benefits that make it worth investing in.
An automatic soap dispenser is a touchless device, which helps to ensure that there is no cross-contamination between repeated uses. This is the reason that so many public and shared spaces have automatic liquid soap dispensers in the restrooms, like airports and restaurants. With hundreds and thousands of people using these facilities, the possibility for infection and disease are higher. However, this is not limited to the public sphere. In any given household, the use of soap dispensers will lead to the spread of germs continually. While it may not have been as alarming before the pandemic, this is no longer a risk that can be taken even between two family members. An automatic soap dispenser will prevent this and make maintaining sanitation easier.
With traditional dispensers, it may happen sometimes that too much is pumped out accidentally. And often, we ourselves do not know how much soap is exactly enough to cleanse our hands properly. Sensor soap dispensers are more economical because they are designed to dispense only a certain amount of liquid soap solution each time. This prevents the unnecessary waste of soap solution, which can save you money in the long run.
An automatic hand wash dispenser is a lot easier to maintain for a number of reasons. Bar soaps tend to leave impressions and residual soap in the holder, and regular soap dispensers are prone to drips and spills. This is not the case with a sensor soap dispenser. Moreover, regular bottles dispense unequal quantities based on the pressure used each time, which leads to the need to frequently refill the bottle. An automatic liquid soap dispenser can usually hold more soap at once, which helps bring down the number of times this needs to be done.
An automatic hand wash dispenser always helps add to the style quotient of any bathroom space. The design is always sleek and minimalistic, and they can also be used for more than just liquid soap. An automatic soap dispenser can also be used to store and dispense hand sanitiser, hand cream or body lotion. Their use also extends beyond the bathroom area as they can be installed in kitchens and laundry rooms as well to dispense laundry detergent or dishwasher soap.
Apart from these advantages, automatic hand wash dispensers allow increased mobility and are easier to use for people across all age groups. With health and hygiene having become a key priority, these devices can make life a lot simpler. Check out Jaquar&#;s automatic soap dispensers and range of smart bathroom technology to make hygiene hassle-free.
If I&#;ve understood Elmer Lee&#;s mechanism correctly, pressure on the downward-facing spout causes a defined allotment of the liquid soap to dispense through the spring-valve, onto the hands. Withdrawing the hands and the pressure associated with contact would cause the spring to extend, closing the valve.
Following a patent search further continues to expand out dozens of other designs over hundreds of years for soap dispensers. Soap dispensers are a well-stocked category. But what about the automation? For that, we need sensors.
In layman&#;s terms, a sensor is nothing more than a technological device that can sense the state of the world. Without sensors, machines can&#;t be automated, because they can&#;t sense changes in the environment and respond accordingly. Granted, it needs a little bit more than that, but we&#;ll get to the extra bits in a moment.
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Crucially, for our purposes, any automated soap dispenser sensor has to be proximate in time and space to when someone needs it. No good having a sensor out in a hallway, outside a bathroom, to trigger soap dispensing. We have enough trouble getting people to wash their hands as is. If it&#;s inside the bathroom that hands get dirty, well then that&#;s where the sensor needs to be.
It&#;s also no good relying on some sort of distal or far away action. We could use a sensor that responds to the door being opened and run some sort of timer, but that would be arbitrary. Someone may well take more time than we&#;ve allocated. We&#;d end up with is soap on the floor, or not enough soap for a line of people at the sink. Sensors have to be near or on our approach to the sink. A few possible sensors types come to mind, each with their own advantages and disadvantages.
&#;Emissive&#;-based radar-like sensors send out some form of energy (microwave, ultrasound or active infrared) and then listen for a return signal indicating an approaching object. Don&#;t worry, none of these cause harm, as they are low-power and short-range.
&#;Light&#; sensors send out a beam of light (usually outside our visual spectrum). This beam of light can be constantly received by a sensor. If the beam is interrupted, like when a hand passes through, the sensor is triggered. Finally, &#;Heat&#; or passive infrared sensors wait for any peaking heat signature, like the heat coming off a human hand. This energy variation causes the passive sensor to activate.
Along with the sensor, we also need an actuator, motor or some other device that can exert force or pressure. Depending on the type of soap container, the actuator, once triggered by the sensor, dispenses a set amount of soap, without us having to touch anything. Perhaps this begs the question, does it really matter if we touch the soap dispenser? Turns out that soap dispensers may well be a viable mode of disease transmission.
We tend to get it, in theory, that every surface that we touch with hands contaminated with viruses and bacteria can serve as a point of transmission. In practice, different surfaces have a different likelihood of germ transmission, based on the surface moisture, surface materials, temperature and other factors. Dry, hot surfaces may reduce the length of time that germs can survive, as can some materials like copper. The soap itself may have antiviral and antibacterial properties.
However, touching surfaces, or splashing them as we wash our hands may leave disease microbes of one kind or another waiting for the next person to come along. Hongsoongnern et. al, in a conference proceeding from the 43rd APIC (Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology) Educational Conference notes:
&#;Previous research has shown increased opportunity of bacterial contamination with an open soap system. In the current study, microbes were found within manual soap dispensers throughout the facility. Additionally, infection rates decreased following the dispenser transition, which may be linked to the switch to a touchless/closed dispenser.&#; (Hongsoongnern et. al, )
In an exceptional review of touchless environments and hand washing, entitled &#;Going Touchless is a High-Tech Solution to Hand Hygiene Compliance,&#; published in Infection Control Today, Charles Gebra, a microbiologist at the University of Arizona, also had concerns about contact surfaces and the benefit of touchless technologies:
&#;Touchless technology is a good idea, because hard surfaces are significant transfer points for bacteria and viruses,&#; says Charles Gerba, PhD, a microbiologist at the University of Arizona, Tucson. &#;Much of what people put down on a surface can be picked up by the next person who comes along, and in an age where people share more spaces and surfaces than ever before, touchless technology can help prevent cross-contamination.&#; (ICT, )
In a study by Griffith, Malik, Cooper, Looker and Michaels, in , entitled &#;Environmental surface cleanliness and the potential for contamination during hand-washing,&#; the researchers tested hundreds of faucet handles, soap dispensers and towel rolls. Their findings were that all three surfaces could present a contamination risk above the &#;clean&#; benchmark. Though faucets were the most contaminated there was no statistically significant difference between the disease loads on the three surfaces.
&#;Similarly, although faucet handles were more likely to provide higher ACCs [aerobic colony counts] and staphylococcal colony counts [both bacterial counts], and be above benchmark values, than soap dispensers or paper-towel dispensers the results were not statistically significant. However, even paper-towel dispenser exits, which carried the lowest levels of ATP or bacteria, could present a contamination risk, if touched, with a mean of 19% being in excess of clean benchmark values for ACC and staphylococci, and more than 80% exceeded desirable ATP levels. Of faucet handles, 5% had some visible surface wetness associated with them, whereas all soap and paper-towel dispensers were visually dry.&#; (Griffith, p. 95)
So the things we touch in a high-contact environment might be a source of cross-contamination. Which means touchless, automatic technologies are worth getting right. This has probably only become more crucial with Covid-19. Iqbal and Campbell, in a review of the state of the art of touchless technology entitled, &#;From Luxury to Necessity: Progress of Touchless Interaction Technology,&#; note of changing social and health risks due to the Covid-19 pandemic
&#;As a precautionary measure, the need to avoid touching devices & services at public and shared spaces has become necessary to stop the spreading of the disease.&#; (Iqbal and Campbell, P. 1)
But there&#;s a catch. For all this automation, this touchless soap dispensing to work, it has to work for everyone, all the time. That is where the story gets even more interesting. After all, automation isn&#;t a guarantee of a successful outcome. There&#;s a list of odd interactions stemming from how these automated soap dispensers are built and how we try to use them.
For an automatic soap dispenser to be useful, it has to be obvious where it is. I once was in an airport and saw a sign for a soap dispenser, but for the life of me, couldn&#;t figure out where it was.
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