Drillers have installed wells using PVC materials for decades. Companies make PVC casing and fittings, and even PVC screen &#; the components of the whole well system. However, advancements over time have meant that PVC in the field today outperforms the materials contractors had access to when HDPE gained widespread use in the s.
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Broadly, the &#;recipes&#; companies use to make polyvinyl chloride, better known as PVC, have gone through subtle changes. Contractors may not know from just looking at the finished product, but today&#;s PVCs tend to have more corrosion resistance and durability than earlier generations. That makes it a cost-effective option for well installations, even in harsh environments.
Modern PVC pipe can also provide more flexibility. &#;Flexible&#; PVC is a type of PVC designed to install in wells located in difficult-to-access areas. Flexible PVC is also more resistant to breakage, which can help to prevent leaks in such wells.
Finally, there have been advancements in the methods used to join PVC pipe. Traditional methods of joining PVC pipe, such as solvent cementing, can prove time-consuming for contractors and difficult correctly execute. Newer methods of joining PVC pipe, such as mechanical joining, are faster and easier to do. Mechanical joining also provides a stronger and more reliable joint than traditional methods.
The advantages of using PVC materials in water well construction include:
Of course, every material can have trade-offs. PVC is no different and contractors should consider these factors in sourcing decisions. PVC is:
PVC pipe, casing and fittings have proven popular for contractors (and their customers) for many years. Their popularity only grows as companies develop advances in their products. Drillers have materials options when it comes to well installation. PVC has improved over time and contractors should give it another look if they haven&#;t in a while. It could be just the thing you need to offer your customers a trouble-free water well that lasts a lifetime.
One of the greatest variable costs that a well owner has is the labor paid for the installation and removal of their well pump and motor. To minimize this cost over time, it is important to choose drop pipe that will last while also considering the ease of installation and removal.
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At RC Worst & Company, we offer three different types of drop pipe for water well systems. I am going to highlight some of the pro&#;s and con&#;s of PVC, Galvanized, and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe. HDPE pipe is commonly known in the industry as Poly Pipe. Hopefully, learning the differences will help you make an informed choice for your application.
The main factors to consider are weight limitations, depth limitations, flow restriction, water composition, ease of installation, and ease of removal.
For those unfamiliar with the term friction loss, it is the loss of pressure or &#;head&#; that occurs in a pipe due to the effect of the fluid&#;s velocity near the surface of the pipe. For every foot of pipe, the PSI (pounds per square inch) lost in Galvanized or PVC is about twice that of Poly. For illustration, here is the friction loss of liquid moving at 25 gallons per minute through 100 feet of each:
1&#; galvanized: 28 PSI lost or about 64&#; of head lost
1&#; Poly: 13 PSI lost or about 30&#; of head lost
1&#; PVC: 29 PSI lost or about 66&#; of head lost
In considering depth limitations, Galvanized is capable of going to almost any depth. In fact, the check valves used will normally be the first thing to limit the depth in the system. Also, keep in mind you need to know the limitations of the other fittings that you use. For example, a commonly used brass check valve is rated for about 600 feet and a ductile iron check valve is rated for about 1,500 feet or greater. PVC Schedule 120 is generally limited to a motor no greater than 1.5 HP on 1&#; drop pipe and a maximum depth of 650&#; and generally limited to 2.0 HP on 1.25&#; drop pipe and a maximum depth of 520&#;. We, at RC Worst, do not recommend installing Poly pipe at a depth greater than 100&#; as it is hard to install, and even harder to service.
Galvanized pipe is the best in higher pressures with 1&#; Schedule 40 rated to about 2,100 PSI and 1&#; Schedule 80 rated to about 3,500 PSI. PVC comes next with 1.25&#; Schedule 120 rated at about 600 PSI. Poly Pipe has the lowest pressure rating of about 250 PSI. For deep installations, make sure all the check valves and any other fittings can also handle the operating pressure.
Galvanized pipe is very durable in normal water conditions and will last on average 15 to 20 years. It is zinc coated to prevent rust and corrosion, however, water that is highly alkaline or acidic will corrode Galvanized pipe. PVC and Poly pipe will hold up very well in harsh water conditions.
When it comes to installation, Galvanized and PVC pipe are simple, predictable, easy to install, and easy to service. PVC pipe is also lightweight. Poly Pipe, as I mentioned previously, is not recommended at a depth below 100&#;. Installation and service at a depth greater than 100&#; can create a safety risk. It is simple, predictable, and easy to install & service at shallower depths.
Hopefully, this blog has given you some good information on choosing the right type of pipe for your system. You can also check out our video titled &#;Water Well Drop Pipe Selection Guide&#; on the RC Worst YouTube Channel or give our experts a call at 855.329..
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